Issue:

Windows 10 Logon Failure: Unknown Username or Bad Password” when joining Windows Server 2003 DC or Windows Server 2016 DC or later DC.

Solution:

Microsoft has fixed this issue and released an update on Feb 2020. Please install update KB4535996 through “Windows Update” or download and install it manually from “Microsoft Update Catalog” – URL: http://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=kb4535996